Smith and colleagues developed the GENEtic Utility (GENE-U) scale to assess the perceived utility of genetic screening from the perspective of those who are undergoing risk-based or population-based screening via genetic screening.

Goranitis and colleagues developed the genomic utility valuation (GUV) scale to enable a standardized measurement and scoring of genomic utility based on 5 key policy priority indicators: clinical, diagnostic, economic, societal, and family utility.

The Perceptions of Uncertainties in Genome Sequencing (PUGS) Scale was developed to evaluate perceived uncertainties in genome sequencing. The scale comprises ten items to assess uncertainties within three domains: clinical, affective, and evaluative.

The Perceived Caregiving Interactions and Behaviors: Malfeasance, Nonfeasance, Uplift Scales are used to examine whether levels of nonfeasance, malfeasance, and uplift are associated with the perception that a member of a familial caregiving network is under-contributing. The scales include 19 questions about caregiving interactions and behaviors. Participants name each person in their familial caregiving network and indicate which members are engaged in the specified caregiving interactions and behaviors.

Bonham and colleagues developed the Racial Attributes in Clinical Evaluation (RACE) scale to assess the degree to which health professionals employ race in their clinical decision making. The scale includes eight questions, such as “I consider my patients’ race when making decisions about which medications to prescribe.”