What is the essence of sports, and how does that impact the way doping is defined? The sports world is already preparing for an inevitable wave of "gene-doping" as gene-transfer technologies advance and become more widely available to all ages. On the one side, genetic modifications that improve human performance can be considered enhancements that threaten fair competition. However, gene transfer technologies can be used for a wide range of characteristics, thus blurring the lines between therapy and enhancement.
CERA Working Groups are interdisciplinary teams that aim to deepen our understanding of emerging, high priority, or understudied ELSI issues using innovative approaches. CERA selects one or two issue-based Working Groups biannually; the Value Ethics Working Group was funded in Spring 2022.